一．包装的重要性 Importance of packaging
在货物的跨国交付过程中，面临着运输环节多，运输距离长，情况变化多，加之时效性要求比较严格，整个交付流程风险比较多：运输风险（可控风险）、清关风险（不可控风险）、交付风险（可控风险）。同时，在门到门的运输模式下，大部分代理对货物做出的保险承诺均为保丢不保损，因此，在货物运输起始的可控阶段，如果货物非原厂包装，我们需要对此类货物的包装做出严格的要求。
During the international transportation, with many transportation links, long transportation distances, changeable situations, and strict timeliness requirements, the entire delivery process is more risky: transportation risk (controllable risk), customs clearance risk (uncontrollable risk) ), delivery risk (controllable risk). At the same time, under the door-to-door transportation mode, most of the freight forwarders' insurance commitments follow the principle of compensation for the loss of the goods, and no compensation for the damage of the goods. Therefore, at the beginning of the controllable stage of the transportation of goods, if the goods are not packaged with the original boxes, we need to make strict requirements on the packaging of those goods.
二. 包装要求Packaging Requirements
1.外包装的包装要求
Packaging requirements for outer packaging
（1）5KG以下的货物可以使用3层瓦楞纸箱，5KG以上的货物使用5层瓦楞纸箱（建议优先采用5层瓦楞纸箱）
Goods below 5KG could use 3-layer corrugated boxes, and goods above 5KG could use 5-layer corrugated boxes (It is recommended to use a 5-layer corrugated box when packaging).
The third layer is single corrugated, about 3mm thick.
The fifth layer is double corrugated, about 6-7mm thick.
（2）外包装需用防水膜缠绕包裹。
The outer packing shall be wrapped with waterproof film.
（3）国际陆运、空运、海运，无论哪种运输方式，都应尽量采用木箱包装对货物进行保护。
No matter the mode transportation is by land , by air or by sea, wooden cases should be used as far as possible to protect the goods.
2.内包装的包装要求
Packaging requirements for inner packaging
货物应尽量放置在箱子中部，箱子内部充分填充缓冲材料，不留空位，防止在运输过程中因货物在箱内移动以及因撞击或者震动对货物和包装产生损坏。
The goods should be placed in the middle of the box as much as possible, fully filled with cushioning materials and no empty space left to prevent damage to the goods due to impact or vibration during the transportation.
（1）包装材料：珍珠棉、气柱袋
Packing material: pearl cotton, air column bag
（2）缓冲材料：气泡膜、珍珠棉、泡沫边角料
Cushioning material: bubble film, pearl cotton, foam scraps
3.不同重量的货物，所需要的缓冲材料厚度也有所不同，以下数据仅供参考。
Different weights of goods require different thickness of cushioning materials. The following data is for reference only
（1）成套产品的参考缓冲厚度（交换机、路由器、服务器等有金属外壳的整套设备）
Reference cushion thickness for the complete set products (a complete set of equipment with metal casings such as switches, routers, servers, etc.)
货物重量 Weight | 缓冲材料厚度 Cushion material thickness |
| 1 – 5 KG | 2 CM |
| 5 – 10 KG | 3 CM |
| 10 -15 KG | 3 - 4 CM |
| ≥ 15 KG | 4 – 5 CM |
（2）非成套产品的参考缓冲厚度（硬盘、网络板卡等零部件）
Reference cushion thickness of non-complete products (such as hard disk, network board and other parts).
货物重量 Weight | 缓冲材料厚度 Cushion material thickness |
| 0 - 3 KG | 3 CM |
| 3 – 5 KG | 3 - 4 CM |
| 5 -10 KG | 4 CM |
| ≥ 10 KG | 5 CM |
综上，一套符合国际运输标准的包装从外向内由4层防护组成：出口专用木箱+防水膜+纸箱+缓冲材料(货物6面都应该填充缓冲材料)。
In summary, a set of packaging that meets international transportation standards is composed of 4 layers of protection from the outside to the inside: export-specific wooden boxes + waterproof membrane + carton + cushioning materials (All 6 sides of the cargo should be filled with cushioning materials).
三. 不注重包装而带来损失的一些例子
Some loss examples caused by careless packing
1.马来至荷兰运输。
Transportation from Malaysia to Netherlands.
发货前实物及包装如下：
The physical product condition and packaging before shipment are as follows:
货物的包装仅适用于国内短途运输，防护性不强。国际运输中，这种包装属于没有采用任何有效保护措施的包装。
The packaging of the goods is only suitable for domestic short-distance transportation. The protection is not strong enough. In international transportation, this kind of packaging doesn’t bring any effectiver protection for the goods .
交付后实物及包装如下（问题为包装破损、边框变形、部分零件掉落）：
After delivery, the physical product and packaging are as follows : damaged package, deformed frame and some parts dropped):
2.中国至越南胡志明运输
Transportation from China to Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
发货前实物图片如下：
The physical product pictures before delivery are as follows:
交付后实物如下（问题为接口变形、系统无法正常进入）：
After delivery , the product phsysical condition is as follows: the interface is deformed and the system cannot be accessed normally):
四. 非原包装货物的包装参考
Packaging reference for non-original packaging goods
1.二手矿机Used miner：
建议包装步骤如下：
a.拉伸膜固定设备；
b.气柱袋整体包装，并在缝隙处填充缓冲材料。如一个包装箱内有多台设备，需做分隔。
c.纸箱包装后，缠防水膜。
d.依据纸箱包装尺寸，制作合适的木箱包装。
The recommended packaging steps are as follows:
a. Stretch film fixing equipment;
b. The goods are paceked with air column bag and filled with cushioning materials in empty caps. If there are multiple devices in one packing box, they need to be separated.
c. After packing in a carton, wrap it with a waterproof membrane.
d. Making a suitable wooden box packaging according to the carton size.
2.无原厂包装的硬盘（Hard drives without original packaging）：
建议包装步骤如下：
a.使用防静电袋包装硬盘；
b.采用气泡袋或者珍珠棉做缓冲材料。如一个包装箱内有多个产品，需做分隔。
c.纸箱包装后，缠防水膜。
d.依据纸箱包装尺寸，制作合适的木箱包装。
The recommended packaging steps are as follows:
a. Use anti-static bags to pack the hard disk;
b. Use bubble bag or pearl cotton as cushioning material. If there are multiple products in one packing box, they need to be separated.
c. After packing in a carton, wrap it with a waterproof membrane.
d. Making a suitable wooden box packaging according to the carton size.
3.无原厂包装的二手交换机 (Used switches without original packaging)：
建议包装步骤如下：
a.拉伸膜固定设备；
b.选择合适的纸箱以及缓冲材料；
c.纸箱包装后，缠防水膜；
d.依据纸箱包装尺寸，制作合适的木箱包装。
The recommended packaging steps are as follows:
a. Stretch film fixing equipment;
b. Choose suitable cartons and cushioning materials;
c. After carton packaging, wrap the waterproof membrane;
d. Making a suitable wooden box packaging according to the carton size.
c. After carton packaging, wrap the waterproof membrane;
d. Making a suitable wooden box packaging according to the carton size.
